Noticing blood clots during your period can be concerning, particularly if you haven’t experienced them before. In many cases, small menstrual clots are a normal part of your cycle, especially on days when your flow is heavier. However, blood clots that are unusually large, occur frequently, or are accompanied by other symptoms could be a sign of an underlying issue that should be evaluated by a healthcare provider.

In this article, we’ll explore what causes blood clots during your period, what is generally considered normal, and the signs that may mean it’s time to schedule an appointment with your OBGYN.

What Causes Blood Clots During Your Period?

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Menstrual flow consists of more than blood alone. It also contains tissue from the uterine lining, mucus, and other fluids that your body naturally releases during menstruation.

As the uterine lining sheds, your body produces natural anticoagulants that help prevent menstrual blood from clotting too quickly. During heavier periods, however, blood may leave the uterus faster than these anticoagulants can fully do their job. When this happens, some of the blood can begin to clot before it leaves the uterus, resulting in blood clots during your period. However, for many women, during the first day or two of their period, an occasional blood is common.

When Blood Clots Are Considered Normal

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If small blood clots occur during a heavier menstrual flow and aren’t accompanied by other symptoms, they are typically not a cause for concern. In general, blood clots are likely to be normal if they are smaller than about the size of a quarter. Or if they occur only occasionally, or during your menstrual period, or appear on your heaviest flow days.

Given that every woman’s menstrual cycle is different, what’s considered “normal” can vary. So, the most important thing is being aware of significant changes in your usual menstrual pattern.

When You Should Be Concerned About Blood Clots

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Menstrual blood clots do not always mean something is wrong. However, they can sometimes be associated with heavy menstrual bleeding or an underlying gynecologic condition.

Consider scheduling an appointment with your healthcare provider if you frequently pass blood clots larger than a quarter. You should also seek medical advice if you soak through a pad or tampon every hour for two or more hours in a row. Periods that last longer than seven days may also be worth discussing with your OBGYN.

Severe pelvic pain or cramping should not be ignored. The same is true for bleeding between periods or a sudden change in your usual menstrual flow. Fatigue, dizziness, or other possible signs of anemia may also indicate that further evaluation is needed.

Your OBGYN can help determine what may be causing these symptoms and recommend an appropriate treatment plan based on your individual needs.

Conditions That Can Cause Blood Clots During Your Period

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Several medical conditions can contribute to heavier menstrual bleeding and larger blood clots, including the following.

1. Pregnancy-Related Causes

Heavy bleeding with clots during pregnancy or shortly after a positive pregnancy test should always be evaluated promptly. This is because it could indicate a miscarriage or another pregnancy-related complication.

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2. Hormonal Imbalances

Hormones regulate the buildup and shedding of the uterine lining. Conditions affecting hormone levels, such as thyroid disorders, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), perimenopause, may contribute to heavier periods.

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3. Adenomyosis

Adenomyosis occurs when tissue similar to the uterine lining grows into the muscular wall of the uterus. This condition commonly causes heavy, painful periods accompanied by clotting.

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4. Uterine Fibroids

Fibroids are noncancerous growths that develop within or on the uterus. Depending on their size and location, they can cause frequent urination, pelvic pressure, large blood clots, and heavy menstrual bleeding.

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5. Bleeding Disorders

Less commonly, inherited bleeding disorders or medications that affect blood clotting can contribute to unusually heavy menstrual bleeding.

How Are Blood Clots and Heavy Periods Evaluated?

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If you’re experiencing unusually heavy bleeding, your healthcare provider will begin by reviewing your symptoms, menstrual history, and overall health. Depending on your situation, your provider may recommend certain tests or procedures that have been known to provide insight.

For example, a pelvic exam, blood tests to check for hormone imbalances or anemia. Pelvic ultrasound, or additional diagnostic or imaging procedures may also be recommended. These evaluations help identify the underlying cause of your symptoms and guide appropriate treatment recommendations.

Are There Treatments Available?

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Yes, but treatment depends on the underlying cause of your heavy menstrual bleeding. Options include hormonal IUDs, surgery in select cases, hormonal birth control, and non-hormonal medications to reduce menstrual bleeding.

There are also minimally invasive procedures for fibroids or other uterine conditions. Many women experience significant relief once the underlying cause has been identified and treated.

Pay Attention to Changes in Your Menstrual Cycle

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Occasional blood clots during your period are often normal, especially on heavier flow days. However, frequently passing large clots or experiencing unusually heavy bleeding may be a reason to contact your healthcare provider.

An early evaluation can help uncover the cause of changes in your menstrual cycle. It can also help you explore appropriate treatment options and support your long-term reproductive health. If you have concerns about your menstrual cycle, the caring team at Riverwalk Women’s Health is here to help. Call (210) 402-6022 today to schedule an appointment.

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